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Grammar

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Present Perfect

Affirmative/Negative Question
He has walked. 
(He's walked.)
She
It

He has not walked. 
(He hasn't walked.)
She
It

 Has he walked?
       she
       it

Short Answers
- Yes, he has.
- No, he hasn't.
They have walked.
(They've walked.)
I
You
We

They have not walked.
(They haven't walked.)
I
You
We

 Have they walked?
         I
        you
        we

Short Answers
- Yes, they have.
- No, they haven't.

(Negative in red)
(Contractions in parenthesis)

The present perfect is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues in the present.

I've lived in Puerto Rico for one year.
(He vivido en Puerto Rico por un año.)

It can also be used to describe an action that happened a non-specific point in the past (sometime in the past).

I've seen that movie. 
(He visto esa película.)

In the example above I don't specify when.  If I wanted to specify when, I would have to use the past tense.

I saw that movie last week.
(Vi esa película la semana pasada.) 

 

Participles
The participle form of the verb is used with the present perfect form.  The participle is usually formed by adding the letters -ed to the end of the verb (the same as the past tense).  However, there are many irregular participle forms.  Sometimes they are the same as the past tense form and sometimes they are different.  In the following table are a list of some common irregular participle forms.  I also included the past tense form for review.  We will be studying irregular participle forms in some of the lessons in the advanced level just as we practiced with the past tense in the intermediate level.

Verb Past Participle  
be  (ser) was/were   been
see  (ver) saw seen
go  (ir) went gone
meet  (conocer) met met
give  (dar) gave given
buy  (comprar) bought bought
come  (venir) came come
drink  (tomar, beber)   drank drunk
eat  (comer) ate eaten
do  (hacer) did done

 

Practice
In the spaces provided use your imagination to write creative sentences using the irregular verbs.  (Since there are so many possible answers I can't check this exercise.  This is just for your practice.)

example
go - went - gone

Past

Participle

 

be - was/were - been

Past

Participle

see - saw - seen

Past

Participle

go - went - gone

Past

Participle

meet - met - met

Past

Participle

give - gave - given

Past

Participle

buy - bought - bought

Past

Participle

come - came - come

Past

Participle

drink - drank - drunk

Past

Participle

eat - ate - eaten

Past

Participle

do - did - done

Past

Participle

 

Instructions
Fill in the irregular verb forms. If you type a space after the word the computer will think that it's an error.
(Si escribe un espacio después de la palabra la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.)

Verb Past Participle
see    
go    
meet    
give    
buy    
come    
drink    
eat    
do    

              

 

Practice
Make a sentence in the present perfect using the information provided.  Add "have" or "has" and change the verb to the participle form.  If the verb is not in the list of irregular verbs above, you can assume that it is regular (-ed in participle form).  In the second text box write the same sentence but in the contracted form.  The sentence with "not" should be made negative (see the example below).

example

He - walk in the park


Contraction


They - not go to France


Contraction


1.  She - work here for two years

 
Contraction
 

2.  I - finish my homework

 
Contraction
 

3.  They - meet many famous people

 
Contraction
 

4.  My parents - not see the movie

 
Contraction
 

5.  John - buy a new car

 
Contraction
 

6.  He - not eat dinner

 
Contraction
 

7.  Laura - not go to China

 
Contraction
 

8.  We - finish our work

 
Contraction
 

9.  The teachers - not go to the meeting

 
Contraction
 

10.  You - not buy a new car

 
Contraction
 

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

            

  

 

Practice
Change the following sentences to question.

example
He has studied in Japan.

1.  Rick has cooked the fish.
      
    

2.  The students have finished their homework.
       
      

3.  They've seen the movie.
       
      

4.  She's met a lot of famous people.
       
      

5.  He's given her the present.
       
      

6.  Kim's eaten the cake.
       
      

7.  The children have bought new shoes.
       
      

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el signo de interrogación al final.

            

 

for/since

The word "for" (por) is used with periods of time.

I've lived here for two years.
She's worked at that company for seven months.
They've been here for 10 minutes.

The word "since" (desde) is used with the specific starting time of an activity.

I've lived here since 1998.
She's worked at that company since she moved to California.
They've been here since 8:30.

Practice
Select "for" or "since" in each of the following sentences.

1.  She has studied at that school three months.
    
2.  He's worked at the ABC Company 1987.
     
3.  They've been in the restaurant 7:00.
     
4.  Billy and Tommy have been friends they met.
     
5.  She's worked on that project three hours. 
     
6.  He's attended that university he graduated from high school.
     
7.  They've been married twenty years.
     
8.  We've stayed at the hotel Tuesday.
     
9.  We've lived in this house a long time.
     
10. She's been in the classroom twenty minutes.
     


Instructions
Find the mistake in the following sentences.  Write the sentence correctly.

example
He are a student. 

1. I've ate a lot of food.  
    

2. Have she been to China?  
    

3. She's studied English since two years.  
    

4. I have gaven her many presents.  
    

5. I have lived in this house for 1990.  
    

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

             

 

 

 

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