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Shopping (Compras)

Present Perfect

Affirmative/Negative Question
He has walked. 
(He's walked.)
She
It

He has not walked. 
(He hasn't walked.)
She
It

 Has he walked?
       she
       it

Short Answers
- Yes, he has.
- No, he hasn't.
They have walked.
(They've walked.)
I
You
We

They have not walked.               
(They haven't walked.)
I
You
We

 Have they walked?               
         I
        you
        we

Short Answers
- Yes, they have.
- No, they haven't.

(Negative in red)
(Contractions in parenthesis)

The present perfect is formed with "have" or "has" and a participle.

I have finished the project.
(He terminado con el proyecto.)

She has worked at that company since 1990.
(Ella ha trabajado en esa compañía desde 1990.)

 

"Have" when used with the present perfect is an auxiliary verb.  This means that you can add "not" to it to form the negative and you can use it to form the question.   

Negative Examples
I have not finished the project.
       (or the contraction)
I haven't finished the project.

She has not worked at that company.
       (or the contraction)
She hasn't worked at that company.

 

To form a question you put "have" or "has" first followed by the subject and the participle.

Question Examples
Have you finished the project?

Has she worked at that company?

 

You can also contract "have" or "has" when it is used with the present perfect (but not when "have" or "has" means "tener").  Have is contracted as 've and has is contracted as 's.

I've finished the project.
(He terminado con el proyecto.)

She's worked at that company since 1990.
(Ella ha trabajado en esa compañía desde 1990.)

 

The participle form of the verb is used with the present perfect form.  Participles are words which in Spanish end with -ado or -ido.

worked = trabajado
lived = vivido

 

The participle is usually formed by adding the letters -ed to the end of the verb (the same as the past tense).  However, there are many irregular participle forms.  Sometimes they are the same as the past tense form and sometimes they are different. 

Examples of Irregular Participles

Verb Participle  
be  (ser) been
see  (ver) seen
go  (ir) gone
do  (hacer) done
buy (comprar)      bought


Practice
Answer the questions according to what is true for YOU.  There are no right or wrong answers.

ever = alguna vez

1.  Have you ever been in the United States?

2.  Have you ever seen a British TV program?

3.  Have you ever gone to Australia?

4.  Have you ever seen a movie in English?

5.  Have you ever bought a book in English?

 

Practice
Write sentences in the present perfect (only use the contraction in the negative like the examples).
 

examples
He/work in Japan 

They/not/go to Canada

1.  She/finish her homework 
    

2.  We/go to Chicago 
    

3.  They/not/do their homework 
    

4.  The teacher/work at that school 
    

5.  William/not/call her 
    

6.  I/not/buy a new car 
    

7.  He/go to church 
    

8.  You/buy a computer 
    

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

            

 

Practice
Write sentences that are true for you (only use the contraction in the negative like the examples).
 

example
go to Canada

             - or - 

1.  go to New York 
    

2.  be in a big airport 
    

3.  buy an expensive car 
    

4.  work in a big company 
    

5.  see a famous person 
    

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

            

 

 

Practice
Contract the following sentences.

examples
He has worked in that company. 

They have not gone to the party.

1.  She has finished the project. 
    

2.  We have worked all day. 
    

3.  Pablo has lived in New York. 
    

4.  They have not seen the movie. 
    

5.  She has not gone to the theater. 
    

6.  They have bought a new car. 
    

7.  I have walked a long way. 
    

8.  We have not done the work. 
    

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

            

 

 

Already & Yet 

 

The word "already" means "ya" in Spanish.  The word "already" goes between "have" or "has" and the participle.  

I have already finished.   (Ya he terminado.)

 

The word "yet" means "todavía" in Spanish.  The word "yet" goes at the end of the sentence. 

I haven't finished yet.  (No he terminado todavía.)

 

 

Practice
This is Tammy's shopping list.  Make sentences about what she has and hasn't bought.  She has already bought the things that are crossed out (tachado). 

Tammy's Shopping List

1. bread
2. milk
3. meat
4. apples
5. broccoli
6. pasta
7. ice cream
8. cereal

examples
bread 

milk 

meat 

apples 

broccoli 

pasta 

ice cream 

cereal 

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

            

 
Instructions
Find the mistake (error) in the following sentences.  Write the sentence correctly.

example
He are a student. 

1. They have finish the project.  
    

2. I have buyed many things.  
    

3. She no has studied.  
    

4. He yet hasn't finished.  
    

5. I allready have cleaned it.  
    

ANTES DE REVISAR
Si escribió dos espacios entre las palabras en lugar de uno, la computadora va a interpretar que es un error al revisar.  También asegure que escribió correctamente las letras en mayúsculas o minúsculas como corresponde y que escribió el punto al final.

             

 

 

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